National test scores keep showing how pandemic lockdowns hurt students—but also that the trend of academic decline is bigger than Covid. See the latest results from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) on long-term trends, which show some modest improvement but also signs of declining student aptitude.
First comes more evidence that the lockdowns driven by teachers unions hurt student learning. Math and reading performance for 13-year-olds stagnated between 2023 and 2025 on the NAEP’s long-term trend assessment—which isn’t the same as the traditional NAEP exam—the Education Department announced Wednesday.
These children were in elementary school when Covid hit. Their scores in both subjects are lower than in 2020, before the pandemic. Some 58% performed at an intermediate level in reading in 2025 compared to 63% in 2020. In math, 70% could do “numerical operations and beginning problem solving” in 2025, down from 79% in 2020. Teachers union chief Randi Weingarten has a lot to answer for.
The news is better for 9-year-olds, who weren’t in school in 2020. Their scores went up from 2022 to 2025 in reading and math. Some 71% demonstrated at least “partially developed” skills in reading and 84% showed “beginning skills” in math in 2025, up from 67% and 80% respectively in 2022. Their reading scores caught up to 2020 levels, though they remain three points lower in math.